Magnetic strainer apparatus for separating solids from liquids



E. B. CHAPMAN.

MAGNETIC STRAINER APPARATUS FOR SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM LIQUIDS.

APPLICATION FILED N0"V.9, 1921.

Patenfed Aug. 8, 1922.

5 SHEETS SHEET l.

E B. CHAPMAN.

MAGNETlC STRAINER APPARATUS FOR SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM LlQUlDS.

APPLlCATiON FILED NOV.9,1?2I.

1,425,366 Patented Aug. 8, 1922.

' 5 SHEETSSHEET 2.

[VJ W: y

E.S.CHAPMAN,

MAGNETIC STRAINER APPARATUS FOR SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM LIQUIDS.

APPLICATION FILED NOV.9. 1921.

1,425,866. Patented Aug. 8, 1922.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

E. B. CHAPMAN.

MAGNETIC STRAINER APPARATUS FOR SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM LIQUIDS.

' APPLICATION FILED N0v.9I 1921.

1,425,366, Patented Aug. 8, 1922.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

E. B. CHAPWAN.

MAGNETIC STRAINER APPARATUS FOR SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM LIQUIDS.

APPLICATION FILED NOV9. 192].

1,425,366, Patented Aug. 8, 1922.

5 SHEETSSHEET 5- jyy ff 72.

22 A I m 5 i k\ W UNITED STATES 'ATENT cruel-z.-

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Patented Aug. 8, 1922. I

Application filed November 9, 1921. Serial No. 514,036.

To all whom it may concern."

Be it known that I, EDWARD BRooKs C APMAN, a subject of the King of Great England, have invented Improvements in- Magnetic Strainer Apparatus for Separating Solids from Liquids, of which the followlng is a specification.

This invention relates .to apparatus in which magnetic means are employed for-the purpose of removin systems.

The object in view is to secure greater efliciency than heretofore anditisachieved broadly by employing magnetic elements combined with and arranged in such close and regular relationship to perforated means as to produce highly concentrated fields distributed uniformly with regard to such means. I

The magnetic elements may be permanent magnets 0r cores electrically energized and the perforated means may either be a mechanical straining or filtering member or members for attachmenttoand magnetization by the elements, or a cage arrangement of non-magnetizable metal or material pierced or formed with openings at positions which will constrain the liquid to flow laterally in a uniform manner preferably past the more markedly magnetic portions of the individual magnets, the cage and magnet arrangement conjointly acting to effectually comb the liquid.

The invention may be carried into effect in numerous ways as will be evident from theexamples of oil filter'illustrated in the accompanying drawings, whereof Fig. 1 is a central vertical section and Fig. 2 a plan partly in section and with parts removed, of one form of electromagnetic apparatus. Fig. 3 is aview similar to Fig. 1 of a modification. Figs. 4 and 5 are views .similar to Figs. 1 and 2 of another modification. Figs. 6 and 7 are corresponding views of yet another modification. Fig. 8 is a sectional elevation and Fig. 9 a sectional plan of one form of permanent magnet filter. Fig. 10 is a view similar to Fig. 8 of another form and Fig. 11 is a detail View of a modification. Figs. 12 and 13 are respectively a secsolids from liquids such as ferrous grit rom oilin lubricatmg Fig, 12 of a modification. Fig. 15 is a part sect onal elevation, more or less diagrammatl'c, of yet another form of electromagnetic filter and Fig. 16 is a cross section of a port1on thereof. Fig. 17 is a sectional eleee vation of a further form of electromagnetic filter.

Referring to the said drawings, 1 illustrates a known type of oil filtering apparatus embodying concentrically arranged perforated members 1, 2 with their axes vertical so that oil can flow vertically upward into the interior thereof by way of an, inlet branchv 3 and thereafter radially through the perforated members, the outlet branch 4:. Such members 1, 2, of a magnetizable metal, may be magnetizedby connecting them to a series of polar members 5, 6 carried by a non-magnetizable cover 7 and protruding therethrough to re- 73 ceive energizing coils 8 which may conveniently be connected in pairs, as shown in Fig. 2, in such a manner that the inner perforated member is magnetized with a polarity opposite to that of the outer member 2. The strainer members and coils can be collectively removed with the cover 7 which may have a separate removable lid or plate whereby access can be had to the coils.

An arrangement which however may 83 sometimes be preferred is shown in Fig. 3 and comprises a body or casing having a liquid inlet '3 at one end and a liquid outlet at the other end with a box-like cover 7 of brass for example, for the reception of enso be, of the bottom of-the body and attached as V at their lower end to a bottom plate 9 of brass or the like. Conveniently, and as shown, two cylindrically shaped filter mem, bers 1, 2 as aforesaid may be em loyed, the

liquid inlet 3 of the body extending by way we of a sleeve 10 through the outer member 2 into the inner member. If desiredthe filter members may be connected to the polar members by plug and socket means made and broken-in the act of placing the cover 10$ in position and removing it.

Figs. 4 and 5 illustrate the invention applied to a drainer tank 11, there being two openings in the top 12 adapted to be closed by box-like covers 13 each containing polar leaving by 70 a Q mamas Apparatus of this character may'also, as-

shown in Figs. 6 and 7 have combined therewith separate polar members 26 grouped say within a cylindrical filter member 2 'or members. Conveniently such polar members, car

ried by the cover aforesaid may be arran d l means may be employed to insure the magnets being in proper register with the cage openings 20.

circularly around a centra' member the atter being shorter than the rest which 1ncrease in length in the successive circular series.

T In the example shown in Figs. '8 and 9 a number of horseshoe magnets 18 are disposed in say four circular series A, B, C, D, the

limbs of the magnets being :disposed vertically and so that the polar extremities of the top and bottom series A;.D are directed through the magnetic fields.

inwardly towards the centre of the body whilst the polar extremities of the'two intermediate series B, C are directed respectively towards the top and bottom of the body, the said extremities of the two upper series as well as the extremities of the twolower series beingconsequently in-more or less close proximity to one another and the magnets arranged so that unllke poles are in alignment, thereby producing strong localized fields. Between the'magnets 18 and the li uid inlet 3 or the liquid outlet 4 or (as s own) both is or are arranged a cylindricalcage or cages 19 havin .two

series of slots 20 or openings closely ad acent a to the polar extremities of the ma nets so that the liquid is caused to ass aterally r as shown in Fig. 10 the magnets 18 may be arranged so that the polar extremities of the twointermediate series B, C are adjacent to one another, the upper and lower series A and I) being reversely arranged so .that their olar extremities are free, in which case the inner or outer cage, or both cages, will have three series of openings 20 for directing the li uid across the fields. 4

11 each case a cylindrical gauze strainer may beemployed through which the liquid passes before or after encountering the arrangementsdescribed, an instance of the latter kind being shown in Figs. 8 and 9 where the gauze strainer is marked 21. Or strainers for both of these purposes may be employed, whilst as a further modification, shown in Fig. 11, strainers 22 may be disposed between cages 19, when both are employed, occupy staggered positions causlng' the liquld to flow in other than radialpaths.

The varlous magnets 18 of each series A,

B, U, D furthermore may be attached as by screws, at the yoke or extremities or (as shown) at both of these places, to a ring or rings 23 of brass or other non-magnetic metal or material by which they are securely held together and readil removable in groups as a battery, and. dowe s 24 or other positioning The cage or cages may be so constructed that it or they can be removed collectively irangement is shown in Figs. 12 and 13 where olar members 26, intended to be strai ht coup ed in pairs, are disposed between the slotted cages19. Fig. 14 shows a form of strainer in which the polar members 26 are disposed between a single 'ca e 19 and an outer gauze strainer 21 the sets 20 in the cage 19 being of difierent lengths and the olar members of correspondingly varied en ths if desired.

. r as shown in Figs. 15 and 16, two series of electromagnets 26 may extend laterall inwardsfrom the opposite sides of a ho y so that the extremities are in more or less close proximit to one another, the magnets being preferab y so arranged that the polarity of one is unlike that of another adjacent thereto. The flow of the liquid across the various fields, ve'rticall or laterally, is con-' trolled by appropriate y slotted cage plates 27 arran ed therebetween.

Fig.1 illustrates a drainer tank similar to that ofFig'. 4, 28 being a slotted cage arranged between the inlet 3 and an upstanding trunk 29 surrounding the opening 17 in the partition 16. In this case the electromagnets 26 are disposed between the cage 28' and trunk 29. I

In some cases perforated metal which has been permanently magnetized in any known or suitable way may be employed.

What I claim is a 1. A magnetic strainer, comprising a body having a liquid inlet, a liquid outlet and an 0 en top, a cover for said top, erforated p ates extending downwardly rom said cover, and polar members having straight limbs arranged parallel to said perforated plates and adapted to produce magnetic fieldsacross which the liquid flows from the inlet to the outlet, the said perforated plates uid outlet, of a Mae-ace being collectively removable through the open top and the polar members bein similarly nested for collective removal 11 the same way, substantially as described. I

2. In a magnetic strainer, the combination with a body having a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet, of a pair of plates having a series of slits arranged parallel to one another, and polar members arranged in the space between the slotted plates and parallel to the slots therein, the said slots acting to guide the liquid transversely past the polar members.

3. In a magnetic strainer, the combination with a body having a liquid inlet and a liqair of .concentrically arranged cages havmg slits extending axially thereof and polar members arranged in the space between the slotted members, the slots acting to guide the liquid transversely past the polar members.

4. In a magnetic strainer, the combination with a body having a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet, of a pair of concentrically arranged cages having slots extending axially thereof, and a nest of reversely 'arran d permanent magnets located in the spacei etween the slotted cages with their limbs parallel to the slots aforesaid, the said slots acting to guide the liquid transversel past the limbs of the magnets, substantia ly as described.

5. In a magnetic strainer, the combination with a body having a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet, of a pair of concentrically arranged cages having slots extending axially thereof, polar members arranged in the space between the slotted cages, the slots actin to guide the liquid transversely past the poIarmembers and a gauze strainer surrounding the outermost cylindrical cage, substantially as described.

6. In a magnetic strainer, thev combination with a body having a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet, of a pair of concentrically arranged cages having slots extending axially thereof, a nest of reversely arranged permanent magnets located in the space between the slotted members with their limbs parallel to the slots aforesaid, the said slots acting to guide the liquid transversely past the limb of 'the magnets, and a I gauze strainer surrounding the outermost cylin-v drical cage, substantially as described...

7. In a magnetic strainer, a pair of vertical and concentrically arranged cages having slots extending axiall thereof, a ring connecting the cages at t e bottom and a nest of magnets resting upon said ring in the space between the cages, the nest of magnets being removable from the space aforesaid from the end opposite to that at which the connecting ring is located, substantiall as described.

Signs at the city and count of New-- castle-upon-Tyne, in England, this 20th day.

of October, 1921.

EDWARD BROOKS CHAPMAN. 

